The Cumulative Multiplier Effect on the Strategic Emergence and Expansion of Collective Action: A Case of Medellín

Abstract

This study examines strategic collective action fostering social-environmental justice through the cumulative multiplier effect, using Medellín as a case study. It analyzes three principles of strategic action planning—reinforcing synergies, expanding room for manoeuvre, and periodic consensus—to highlight urban governance transitioning from distributive to institutional justice through iterative processes. Results indicate collaborative governance, institutional flexibility, and civic engagement drive long-term urban equity. Medellín’s transformation, exemplified by the Metrocables system and Integrated Urban Projects (PUI), demonstrates strategic interventions creating self-reinforcing cycles of social inclusion and participatory governance. As collective action progresses, the multiplier effect amplifies strategic initiatives, ensuring resource distribution and institutional justice continuously reinforce one another. This research underscores that achieving social-environmental justice requires an adaptive and inclusive urban planning approach. The Medellín model provides valuable insights for cities in the Global South, emphasizing the importance of synergistic collaboration, sustained political participation, and iterative governance reforms in fostering sustainable and equitable development.